History on Calculators and Computers

• Early Gear Caluculators
• Charles Babbage
• Calculation Tables and Slide Rule
• Odner Machines and Accounting Machines
• Boolean Logic and the successors
• Towards Electronic Computers
• Formularizations of Computer
• Commercial Computers
• Super Computers
• Personal Computers and Downsizing
• Processors and Devices

Basic configucation of Processor

• Control unit in Processor
• Arithmentic and Logical operation unit
• Bus (Data/Address/Control)
• Bridge to Memory
• GPU
• Bridge to Input/Output

Machine Cycles in Processor

• Fetch
• Decode
• Operand Fetch
• Execution

Assembly and Machine Language

• Instruction Set
• Representaion for Operands
• Addressing Mode
• Stack
• Subroutine Call

Data Representation

• Integer Number
  • Complement of 2
  • Biased Representation
  • Absolute Representation
• Real Number represented by Floating Point
• Operations on Integer Numbers
  • Adder unsigned 8 bit version
  • Subtractor signed 8 bit version with complement of 2
  • Multiplier unsigned 8 bit version
  • Multiplier unsigned 4 bit version
  • Booth Recoding
  • Multiplier signed 8 bit version Booth Recoding
  • Multiplier signed 4 bit version Booth Recoding
  • Divider signed 8 bit version
  • Divider signed 4 bit version
• Binary Coded Decimal
  • Zone BCD
  • Pack BCD
• Character (ASCII/Unicode/Nation Oriented Code)

Logical Gates

• Karnaugh Map
• Primitive gates (MIL notation)
• Combinational circuits (gates)
• Switching gates by MOS FET, TTL, Transistor, Diode, Vacuum Tube, Relay
• Optimization of logical gates (Normal representation of logical OR and logical AND, Karnaugh map)
• Sequential gates, i.e., Flip Flop (RS, JK, T, D)
• Application of Sequetial circuits
• Flip Flop Simulator
• Physical Consideration of gates (Fan-in, Fan-out)

Memory Structures

• Cache
• SRAM
• DRAM and Speedy DRAM
• Flash Memory

Simulator of MCPU08

• About MCPU08
• Programming Model (Control Unit, ALU, Registers, Flags)
• Instruction Set
• Data Memory Addressing Mode
• MCPU08 Simulator

Microprogramming

• Microprogramming and Wired Logic
• MCPU08 Microprogramming Simulator

Perfomance Improvements of Microprocessor

• Harvard Architecture: Independant Program bus and Data bus
• Floating Point Unit
• RISC and CISC
• Pipeline
• Hazard avoiding methods in Pipeline: long stage, delay branch, prospects
• Superscaler
• Pipeline and superscaler
• VLIW
• Multiple Arithmetic Units (for Integer/Floating Point)
• Vector Unit
• Multi threading
• Multi core processor

Case Studies of Famous Microprocessor

• Motorola(Freescale) 68Kcore
• IBM/Freescale PowerPC G4
• Freescale PowerPC 970 (G5)
• MIPS R8000
• AMD Athlon
• Intel i486
• Intel Pentium 4
• Intel Itanium
• en:ARM ARM
• Sony Cell
• Renesas H-8/300
• Renesas SH-4
• Sun UltraSparc

Perfomance Evaluation of Microprocessors

• IPS(MIPS, GIPS), FLOPS(GFLOPS)
• Benchmark Test Standard (Dhrystone, Whetstone, SPECInt, SPECfp, LINPACK)
• Benchmark Test Corporation(Geek patrol/Canada, Mandelbrot330)